Day 1 :
Keynote Forum
Jaleel K Ahmed
University of Babylon, Iraq
Keynote: Chlorophyll acts as absorber for gamma ray to protect from cancer
Biography:
Jaleel Kareem Ahmed has expertise in evaluation in Iron and steel industry. He has registered 3 patents in USA, UK and Iraq about using water in iron industry and wax for storage and transportation Direct Reduced Iron (DRI) and using wax for carburizing of steel. He has also used chlorophyll as gamma ray absorber to protect Iraqi children from cancer and used mechanically red beet juice as scavenger for poisonous heavy metal ions and anticancer and detoxification of urea and uric acid from human body via urine system. In 2013, he was awarded with Scientific Medal from Iraqi Government. In 2014, he got qualified as a member in Who is Who network. He had also served as a Reviewer of Journal of Advances in Polymer Technology/Thomson Reuters.
Abstract:
Chlorophyll extracted from celery using 50% v/v water-methyl alcohol as a solvent. By this method the concentration of chlorophyll was 22.6% with yellowish-green color. This solution showed strongly absorption at 400-210 nm and maximum were at the end of ultra-violet region. This absorption appeared in water, methyl alcohol and acetone, but strongest absorption was in water. No emission spectra were detected in the ultra-violet and visible regions which mean that chlorophyll absorbs radiation and dissipate it as a heat. Several samples of the above solution were radiated by gamma ray from cesium-137 with energy of 0.7 MeV for different intervals (0.5, 1, 2, 4 and 24 hours). The color of the solution disappeared after two hours radiation while the pH decreases from 6.38 for un-radiated to radiated celery solution 4.17 after 24 hours with liberation of carbon dioxide which indicates destroying of chlorophyll but the absorption at 400-210 nm still exists which reflects the high stability of the group magnesium-four nitrogen atoms (tetrapyrrole) its energy about 3500 kJ mol-1. The resulted carbon dioxide carries by hemoglobin to expel via lungs similar to that produces by biological activity of the body. Calculation showed that the dosage of two hours radiation in which color of the solution disappeared (Compton effect) was 5.6 kilogray (1 gray=1 Joule per 1 kg sample) absorbed by chlorophyll before color disappear is enough to kill 1120 people weight 75 kg each within 14 days when the whole bodies exposure at one time. The samples glass containers and their white plastic covers of the radiated samples for 4 and 24 hours changed their color to violet may be due to the rearrangement of their physical structures. Others interesting points will appear in the full article. Capsules used as carrier for the chlorophyll to take it by children. Result shows chlorophyll is very good protector from ultra-violate light for food (especially meat) and extend its storage time compared with untreated meat. This is done by covering coating meat with chlorophyll or packed in chlorophyllated bag. Also, aqueous chlorophyll solution shows a good ability to act as protector in nuclear shelter from gamma ray through sandwich panel.
Keynote Forum
Walter Wahli
Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
Keynote: Liver PPARα is protective against NAFLD
Biography:
Walter Wahli is Professor of Metabolic Disease at Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University and Imperial College London, Singapore. He is also the President of the Council of the Nestle Foundation for the study of problems of nutrition in the world. Prior to these, he was working at the University of Lausanne, Switzerland. He is recognized for his contributions to the area of energy metabolism. He is the Co-Discoverer of the transcription factors (PPARs), which are activated by fatty acids and eicosanoids and has provided fundamental insights into their multifaceted functions. His discoveries contributed in advancing the understanding of the molecular signaling of these lipids, which impact most key biological processes in vertebrates, including humans. He was awarded several prizes and recently received the Lifetime Achievement Award from the Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne.
Abstract:
The liver is a key organ of metabolic homeostasis with functions that oscillate in response to food intake. Under the control of PPARα in the mouse, the genes required for lipid catabolism are transcribed before birth so that the neonatal liver has a prompt capacity to extract energy from milk upon suckling. The mechanism involves a fetal glucocorticoid receptor (GR)-PPARα axis in which GR directly regulates the transcriptional activation of PPARα by binding to its promoter. In adult mouse, PPARα deletion impairs fatty acid catabolism, resulting in hepatic lipid accumulation in preclinical models of steatosis. These findings underscore the relevance of hepatic PPARα as a drug target for NAFLD as they show that PPARα plays a central role in the clearance of free fatty acids released from adipocytes, the major source of lipid that accumulate in NAFLD. FGF21 is a hepatokine with beneficial metabolic effects, including control of sucrose preference. It is encoded in Fgf21, a unique hepatic gene that the transcription factors PPARα and ChREBP both regulate to control sugar intake. In fact, ChREBP is required for the expression and secretion of hepatic FGF21 in response to carbohydrate intake. Interestingly, experiments using hepatocyte-specific PPARα knockout mice reveal a physiological role for PPARα in the context of glucose challenge, as ChREBP is unable to induce Fgf21 in the absence of hepatic PPARα. These observations suggest that FGF21’s glucose-mediated response is dependent on both ChREBP and PPARα. Altogether, these findings underscore the relevance of hepatic PPARα as a drug target for NAFLDs as they show that PPARα plays a central role in the clearance of free fatty acids released from adipocytes, the major source of lipid that accumulate in NAFLD. Furthermore, they imply that drug targeting of PPARα may exert part of its beneficial effects on metabolic homeostasis by supporting the ChREBP-induced loop controlling sweet preference via FGF21.
Keynote Forum
Jong Shin Yoo
Korea Basic Science Institute, Republic of Korea
Keynote: Automatic identifi cation of site-specifi c glycosylation in proteomics using mass spectrometry and bioinformatics
Time : 09:40-10:20
Biography:
Abstract:
- Clinical and Nutritional Biochemistry | Cellular and Molecular Biology | Protein and Analytical Biochemistry | Proteomics for Bioinformatics
Chair
Jong Shin Yoo
Korea Basic Science Institute, Republic of Korea
Session Introduction
Sandeep Bansode
Dr D Y Patil Biotechnology and Bioinformatics Institute, India
Title: Genus specifi c protein patterns of viruses
Time : 10:20-10:50
Biography:
Abstract:
Ali Saad
Ahmadi hospital, Kuwait
Title: Use of Dexemedetomidine (Precedex) as tool for sedation during surgical procedures (OT)
Biography:
Ali Saad is currently a Specialist of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit, working in field for 12 years with continuous medical education programs and courses with weekly presentations.
Abstract:
Aim: Use of Precedex medication for procedural sedation in non-intubated patients prior to or during surgical procedures.
Methodology & Theoretical Orientation: Start loading dosage of 0.5-1 mcg/kg IV over 10 minutes then maintenance of 0.2-0.4 mcg/kg/hr. IV titrate to effect (Generally, initiate at 0.5-1 mcg/kg over 10 minutes, followed by a maintenance infusion initiated at 0.6 mcg/kg/hour and titrated to achieve desired clinical effect with doses ranging from 0.2 to 1 mcg/kg/hour). Target population were adults.
Findings: 41 cases observed for vital signs, depth of sedation, pt. response and arousal effect. Results showed that 30 cases got good smooth deep sedation without complications. 11 cases got low blood pressures with low heart rates needed stopping of infusion and medications.
Conclusion & Significance: Precedex dosing should be individualized and titrated to desired clinical response. It should be administered using a controlled infusion device with full monitoring devices and oxygen supplement.
Muhammad Usman
Agricultural Research System, Pakistan
Title: Biochemistry and Molecular Biology plays an important role in the improvement and development of health, reduction in poverty and hunger in the world
Biography:
Muhammad Usman is an Agricultural Scientist with specialization of agricultural, food and biochemistry. He is the Former Director General of Agricultural Research System, Government of Pakistan who retired with about 35 years with senior level experience on research and development of integrated agricultural production and industries on a sustainable way. He is working on the yield and quality of various products and published several research papers. He has established ‘Prominent Agro Based Industries SDN BHD’, ‘Agro Based Industries and Consultancy SDN BHD’ in Malaysia and ‘Foundation for Rural Development in Pakistan’, with primarily aims to work on integrated agricultural project for Rural Development through improvement in agriculture and consultancy services to the formers at Malaysia. Also, he is considered as the senior most scientist in the world, has participated in the international conferences as a Keynote Speech, Renowned Speaker, Organizing Committee Member as well as Moderator of the conferences around the world.
Abstract:
The title of presentation consist of biochemistry, molecular biology, health, poverty and hunger were studied to find out the role of biochemistry and molecular biology in the improvement of health as well as reduction of poverty and hunger in the world. Biochemistry is the branch of science that explores the chemical processes within and related to living organisms. Molecular biology is the branch of biology that deals with the physical and chemical interactions of molecules involved in life functions. It is a laboratory-based science that brings together biology and chemistry. By using chemical knowledge and techniques, biochemists can understand and solve biological problems. Biochemistry plays an important role in nutrition, health and deals with body substance like enzymes, carbohydrates, amino acids, fats, proteins, hormones, DNA, RNA, pigments, etc. It is used in clinical diagnosis, manufacture of various biological products, treatment of diseases, nutrition, agriculture, etc. Biochemistry is the study of biological processes that occur in cells and organisms. Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and nucleic acids are the most common biological molecules studied by biochemists. Biochemistry also encompasses the science of molecular biology. This includes immunochemistry, neurochemistry and bioinorganic, bioorganic and biophysical chemistry. Biochemistry is applied in various areas, including medicine, dentistry, industry, agriculture and food science. In the light of the above study it is reported that biochemistry absorbing millions of technical and nontechnical people, create employment, generate income which consequently reduced poverty and hunger in the world. Keeping in view the importance of the biochemistry on sustainable way, it is proposed to commercialize all the field of the biochemistry in the world as it is the most powerful and sustainable tool for reducing global poverty and hunger in the world. It is also concluded that biochemistry and molecular biology is responsible for the life of human being, but in the absence of biochemistry, life is almost impossible in the world.
Sanjaya Kumar Shah
National Academy for Medical Science, Nepal
Title: Use of serum cancer biomarkers and prevalence of cancer in central Nepal: A tertiary care hospital-based study
Biography:
Sanjaya Kumar Shah is an Assistant Professor in National Academy for Medical Science, Purbanchal University, Nepal. He is a corresponding member of Committee of Clinical Laboratory management of International federation for Clinical Chemistry and laboratory medicine. He is the Founder/Central Committee Member of Nepalese Association for Clinical Chemistry Nepal. He is working as a Researcher at Center for Biomedical Research, Kathmandu Nepal. He is currently pursuing Doctorate degree as a Research Scholar from Assam Down Town University, India.
Abstract:
Background & Aim: Cancer is one of the major problem worldwide. In Nepal, 30,000 new cases of cancer are diagnosed every year in the country. The burden of cancer is in increasing trend in Nepal. Due to the unavailability of a population-based cancer registry it is difficult to precisely predict of incident rates. However, using hospital-based study cancer incidence can be predicted in Nepal. Biomarker is a biological molecule found in blood, other body fluids or tissue that is a sign of a normal or abnormal process or of a condition or disease. Large numbers of cancer biomarkers are used worldwide but limited number of serum cancer biomarkers are being used in Nepal. Aim of this study was to find out the commonly used cancer biomarkers and prevalence of cancer in central Nepal.
Method: A hospital based retrospective study was conducted. It was carried out using data retrieved from the register maintained in the department of laboratory service of Bhaktapur Cancer Hospital, a tertiary care hospital, Bhaktapur, Nepal between 14th April 2015 to 15th April 2016. Total 821 samples were included in this study. Serum cancer biomarkers were analyzed in fully automated mini vidas (Biomerieux) CLIA method.
Result: 275 samples were analyzed for breast cancer marker, CA-15.3: 89% were normal and 31% had breast cancer. 219 samples were analyzed for CEA: 71.8% were normal and 28.3% had colon cancer (p<0.05). 106 samples were analyzed for beta HCG: 72.6% were normal and 27.4% had ovarian germ cell tumor. 104 samples were analyzed for CA 19.9: 64.4% were normal and 35.6% had colorectal cancer. 61 samples were analyzed for PSA: 60.7% were normal and 39.3% prostate cancer. 196 samples were analyzed for CA125: 61.7% were normal and had 38.3% ovarian cancer (p<0.05). There was a significant positive correlation with age above 60 years and ovarian cancer. 61 samples were analyzed for AFP. 80.3% were normal and 19.7 % had benign liver disease (p<0.05).
Conclusions: This study revealed that commonly used serum cancer biomarkers are CA 15.3, CEA, Beta HCG, CA19.9, PSA, CA125 and AFP. Prevalence of breast cancer, colon cancer, ovarian cancer and benign liver disease relatively significant in number and above 50 years female are more prevalent to the ovarian cancer. Continual future research and large sample size is warranted to study for more significant result.
Sandeep Bansode
Dr D Y Patil Biotechnology and Bioinformatics Institute, India
Title: Genus specifi c protein patterns of viruses
Time : 10:20-10:50
Biography:
Abstract:
Franz-Josef Meyer-Almes
Darmstadt University of Applied Sciences, Germany
Title: Binding mechanism of histone deacetylase inhibitors
Time : 11:10-11:40
Biography:
Franz-Josef Meyer-Almes has completed his PhD from University of Goettingen. He has 10 years experiences in biotech and pharma companies. He is a Professor for Physical Biochemistry and has published more than 40 papers in reputed journals and holds more than 10 patents and patent applications.
Abstract:
Performing kinetic studies on protein ligand interactions provides important information on complex formation and dissociation. Beside kinetic parameters such as association rates and residence times, kinetic experiments also reveal insights into reaction mechanisms. We developed several types of homogeneous fluorescence-based assays to elucidate the binding mechanism of inhibitors to human and bacterial members of the histone deacetylase protein family. A global fit procedure will be presented which integrates equilibrium titration and kinetic data to analyze the underlying mechanism of interaction. Independently determined equilibrium parameters and the apparent dissociation rate of the tracer are employed to set constraints on the flexible parameters (e.g. rate constants) during the fitting process of the kinetic time courses. Two different modes of action, simple one-step binding and a two-step mechanism comprising initial binding and induced fit, are verified. In contrast to the bacterial HDAH, all compounds bind to human HDAC1, HDAC6 and HDAC8 through a two-step induced fit mechanism. Arguments will be provided for the thesis that the relationship between quantitative kinetic and mechanistic information and chemical structures of active substances will serve as a valuable tool for drug optimization.
Mihir Y Parmar
Parul University, India
Title: Impact of heat shock proteins in hepatocellular carcinoma
Time : 11:40-12:10
Biography:
Mihir Y Parmar is a Certified Associate Professor of Pharmacology with over 10 years of pharmaceutical experience in research and academy. His research interests include evaluation of drug induced liver injury, Diabetes Mellitus, nephrotoxicity, complementary and alternative medicines and many more. He has over 30 international publications in reputed journal. He is presently the Reviewer for Human and Experimental Toxicology Journal and Research Journal of Food Science and Nutrition.
Abstract:
Heat shock proteins are highly conserved proteins, expressed at low levels under normal conditions. Heat shock proteins significantly induced in response to cellular stresses and lead to heat shock response, which could help cancer cells to adapt to stress conditions. As molecular chaperones, heat shock proteins play critical roles in protein homeostasis, apoptosis, invasion and cellular signaling transduction. A heat shock protein over expression is widely reported in many human cancers due to constant stress condition in tumor microenvironment. Heat shock proteins often associated with poor prognosis in many types of human cancers. Up regulation of heat shock proteins may serve as diagnostic and prognostic markers in hepatocellular carcinoma. Targeting heat shock proteins with specific inhibitor alone or in combination with chemotherapy regimens holds promise for the improvement of outcomes for hepatocellular carcinoma patients. In addition, our study suggests progression and challenges in targeting these heat shock proteins as novel therapeutic strategies in hepatocellular carcinoma.
Sook Za Kim
Korea Genetics Research Center, Republic of Korea
Title: 18-year follow-up of extended newborn screening for metabolic and endocrine disorders
Time : 12:10-12:40
Biography:
Abstract:
Pattaya Seeree
Mahidol University, Thailand
Title: Role of cholesterol transporters, ABCA1 and ABCG1 in cholangiocarcinoma
Time : 13:40-14:10
Biography:
Pattaya Seeree is currently a PhD student in Department of Biology at Mahidol University, Thailand. She has received her Bachelor’s degree in Biomedical Science in 2010 at Griffith University, Australia, followed by Master’s degree in Biotechnology at Queensland, University of Technology, Australia. She is a Recipient of National Research Council of Thailand (NRCT) scholarship for her PhD research funding. She has her expertise in cancer biology and ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter. Her work is focused on cholesterol transporters in term of their molecular biology, roles and as a possible biomarker for cholangiocarcinoma.
Abstract:
Statement of the Problem & Purpose: Epidemiology of cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is high in Thailand and Southeast Asia. It is highly aggressive and poorly studied. In this investigation, the role of cholesterol transporters, ATP-binding cassette (ABC) A1 and ABCG1 are studied in HuCCA-1 cell line. ABCA1 and ABCG1 transporters are suspected to play a role in CCA lipid homeostasis.
Methodology: The expression and localization of ABCA1 and ABCG1 were investigated by western blot analysis and immunocytochemistry, respectively. The functions of ABCA1 and ABCG1 in CCA cells were examined out by cholesterol efflux assay to specific cholesterol acceptor and high-density lipoprotein (HDL). ABCG1 transporter was down regulated using siRNA interference. Cell phenotypic changes such as cell migration and cholesterol export ability were observed by wound healing and cholesterol efflux experiments, respectively.
Findings: ABCA1 and ABCG1 transporters were expressed in HuCCA-1 cells. Correspondingly, localization of ABCA1 was exhibited around the nucleus while ABCG1 pattern was more scattered throughout cytoplasm. Moreover, cholesterol exports via ABCA1 and ABCG1 to HDL were observed. While ABCG1 level was down regulated, the retention of ABCA1 expression was illustrated. Comparable level of cell migration was displayed between control and ABCG1 silenced cells. In addition, there were no change in cholesterol efflux to HDL among these treatments.
Conclusion & Significance: This research indicated the expressions and cholesterol export function of ABCA1 and ABCG1 in CCA. While silencing ABCG1, there was no obvious cell phenotypic characteristics such as wound healing and cholesterol efflux. This hints the possible and predominant role of ABCA1 transporter in CCA which requires further study. This investigation sheds light on cholesterol biology and possible therapeutic target in CCA.
Sadia Tabassum
Hazara University Mansehra, Pakistan
Title: Synergetic effects of Achyranthes bidentata and Verbascum thapsus in alloxan induced diabetic albino mice
Time : 14:10-14:40
Biography:
Sadia Tabassum has received her PhD in Human Genetics and presently, she is working as an Assistant Professor in Department of Zoology, Hazara University Mansehra, Pakistan. She is working on several projects regarding women health care. Currently, her basic focus is on Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) and Diabetes in female population of Pakistan, where she is intended to devise a valid diagnostic marker for PCOS and related insulin resistance in addition to the treatment of diabetes.
Abstract:
Statement of Problem & Aim: The available pharmacological agents possess several undesirable side effects on diabetes. Due to fewer side effects and more effectiveness the demand of herbal medicine has been elevated for this chronic disorder. Hence, current study aimed to evaluate the synergetic activity of Achyranthes bidentata and Verbascum thapsus in alloxan induced diabetic albino mice.
Methodology: Plant’s extracts were orally administered to male albino mice. Alloxan monohydrate was used to induce diabetes. Overnight fasting mice blood sugar level and body weight were calculated on weekly intervals for up to 5 weeks. Other parameters i.e. lipid, liver and renal profiles were monitored after oral administration of extracts for 35 days.
Findings: Daily oral administration of Achyranthes bidentata (300 mg/kg), Verbascum thapsus (300 mg/kg) and combined extracts dose (600 mg/kg) significantly (p>0.05) decreased the fasting blood glucose level besides significantly improved body weight, lipid profile, liver and kidney function and consequently, controlled diabetes after 35 days treatment. Achyranthes bidentata was found more effective than Verbascum thapsus, while results of combined extract dose (600 mg/kg), were highly significant (p>0.001).
Conclusion & Significance: Achyranthes bidentata, Verbascum thapsus and their combined extracts possess antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic property and proved to be effective to improve body weight, liver and kidney function. Whereas, the synergetic treatment of both extracts was proved comparatively more effective. Present investigation will contribute to the therapeutic exploitation of the natural resources against deadly chronic disorder and will open a new avenue for pharmaceutical industry.
G Seghal Kiran
Pondicherry University, India
Title: Lipopeptide biosurfactants from marine bacteria: Towards next-generation anti-infective molecules against biofilm forming pathogenic bacteria
Time : 14:40-15:10
Biography:
G Seghal Kiran is working as an Assistant Professor in Department of Food Science and Technology, Pondicherry University, India. Her research interests include biofilm and microbiome research. She is working on developing potential molecules to prevent/disrupt biofilm infection. Her ongoing research is focused on to develop quorum-quenching mechanism for the disruption of pathogenic biofilms. She has published 55 international publications in impact journals. She has received her Post-doctoral research under the guidance of Prof. Alan Dobson, University College Cork through EMBO and ICMR International fellowship programs. She is a Recipient of DST-Young Scientist award and National Academy of Science Platinum Jubilee Young Scientist award for the outstanding contribution in Biological Sciences.
Abstract:
Biofilm is a sessile microbial community of stable and prolonged infection process gained by the formation of a matrix composed of Extracellular Polymeric Substances (EPS). More than 65% of the bacterial and candida infections are caused by biofilms. Bacterial/candida occurring in biofilms are 10 to 1,000-fold more resistant to antibiotics, lead to serious clinical problems and particularly escapes from host immune system. Spectrum of antibiotic resistance reached pandrug-resistance with no drug of choice for treatment infections caused by pandrug-resistant pathogens. Therefore, now anti-virulence methods are obviously considered as alternate treatment methods to contain pandrug-pathogens. Based on the above reasons, novel antibiofilm compounds are required for the prevention/control of pathogenic microbial biofilms which forms on the surfaces, medical implants and in the hosts. Marine ecosystems are potential repertoires of bioactive compounds. Some of these natural products are reported to be effective in controlling detrimental biofilms. Marine epibiotic bacteria live in a highly competitive environment where they encounter a limitation for space. Especially, marine sponges produce specific deterrents to ward off biofilm-forming microorganisms. To colonize a surface and to ward-off competition, they often produce bioactive compounds and thus play an important role in marine ecology. Although bioactive compounds from marine microorganisms have been exploited for decades and their applications in treating detrimental biofilms is an area that is relatively less-explored. In this study, we screened sponge-associated bacteria and sponge metagenomic library for diverse biological functionalities. During screening, we observed one unique potential of sponge associated actinobacteria, i.e., potential biosurfactants and bioemulsifiers. After surveying the literature, we found the marine actinobacteria in general has not been explored to produce biosurfactants. The lipopeptide biosurfactant (bioemulsifier) would be an ideal lead compound for the development of novel antibiofilm drug. The biosurfactants developed from the marine actinobacteria found to have antimicrobial activity, biofilm disruption potential and quorum-quenching activity.
Rama Sare Prasad
Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, India
Title: Bio-prospecting of medicinal plants for novel molecules with antibacterial, antifungal and immuno-modulatory activities
Time : 15:30-16:00