2^nd International Conference on Biochemistry September 28-29, 2017 Dubai, UAE

Arwa A Algarni has her thesis in evaluation of the antioxidant activities of Madeni rose petals

Madeni rose (Rosa damascene Mill.) is considered one of the most important economic products of Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah, Saudi Arabia. It is used as popular drink and reported to have antioxidant properties. In this research, the total phenolic (TPC) and the total flavonoid contents (TFC) of the aqueous fresh petals extracts were estimated by Folin-Ciocalteu and aluminum chloride methods, respectively. Parameters measured in different concentrations of extracts (2.5, 5 and 10 mg/ml) include 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging activity, the reducing power, ferrous ion chelating and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) scavenging activity. Qualitative analysis of the major phenolic compounds was performed using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The results showed that the TPC and TFC of the extract were 118±0.04 µg gallic acid equivalent and 17.8±1.19 µg catechin equivalents in 10 mg/l, respectively; the flavonoid content was low and started at 5 mg/ml of rose extract. The scavenging activity of DPPH, H2O2 and the reducing power were 78.1±0.9%, 73.1±2.9% and 1.25±0.09 compared to Trolox as a standard (94.3±1%, 71.2±1.8% and 1.3±0.07, respectively) at the same concentration. Iron chelating activity of 63.8±3.6% at 10 mg/ml compared to EDTA as a standard (83.4±4.6%). The phenolic compounds identified by HPLC were gallic acid, catechin, rutin and quercetin. In conclusion, fresh rose petals aqueous extracts contains a high content of phenolic and flavonoid which contributes to its antioxidant ability to scavenge free radicals and chelate iron. Thus, the extract of fresh Rosa damascena Mill., of Al-Madinah region of Saudi Arabia is a significant source of natural antioxidant and may have beneficial effects on human health

Ciobica Alin has 10 years of research experience in studying various behavioral tests and animal models of neuropsychiatric disorders in rats.

Besides the very well-known functions of oxytocin in parturition and lactation, lately there is an increased interest for understanding the possible effects of this peptide administration (mostly by using the intranasal route) in the patho-physiology of most neuropsychiatric disorders and especially those which exhibit a social dysfunction (e.g., autism, schizophrenia, depression, anxiety, frontotemporal dementia, etc.). Also, most of these disorders have an important oxidative stress component, as our group previously demonstrated. Even more, the effects of oxytocin administration in the oxidative stress are not completely understood, with previous reports describing both antioxidant and prooxidant actions. In this way, we present here the current literature and two years of original studies from our lab regarding the possible relevance of oxytocin treatment in most of the neuropsychiatric disorders, for both animal models and human patients, as well as the relevance of the oxidative stress status in this context.

Eiman A A Elshaygi is serving as a Lecturer at Al-Jouf University, Saudi Arabia since 2009. Her expertise is in clinical research and had passion in improving the health and wellbeing.

Statement of the Problem: Electrolyte and trace elements disturbances frequently occur with leukemia patients that complicate their management and prolong patient’s hospitalization. This research work investigated the interrelationship among different types of leukemia with concentration of electrolytes and trace elements in Sudanese patients.rnrnMethodology & Theoretical Orientation: 201 subjects were included in the study; (79 control participants and 122 were suffering from leukemia). Patients were divided into four groups; acute lymphoid leukemia (ALL), acute myeloid leukemia (AML), chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and chronic lymphoid leukemia (CLL) with some electrolytes and trace elements like zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), manganese (Mn) and cobalt (Co).rnrnFindings: Significant decrease in serum level of Cu, Mn and Co (p<0.05) was observed in all groups. Zinc and calcium showed lower levels in CLL, CML and ALL (p<0.05). The results also showed significantly higher serum level of Zn in AML group than CML group (p<0.05). Magnesium reported higher level in CML, AML and ALL (p<0.01). The concentration of Mg was significantly lower in CLL (p<0.05) compared to CML, AML and ALL patients. The concentration of sodium was significantly lower in CML than the ALL patients (p<0.05). There is no significant difference between the levels of Na, K and PO43- in leukemia patients and control.rnrnConclusion & Significance: This study concluded that, leukemia patients in Sudan recorded significant decrease in serum levels of copper, manganese and cobalt. Most of them showed higher magnesium levels and lower concentration of zinc and calcium.rn

J Rishika has her expertise in handling cell culture techniques. She is well trained in techniques like HPLC, flow cytometry, western blot and PCR.

Statement of the Problem: Osteoporosis (OSP), most commonly seen in age old people and women nearing their menopause stage is considered as silent disease, because until a fracture occurs the symptoms never appear to draw attention to. In the wake of gravity of osteoporotic morbidity, phytoestrogens are gaining a lot of attention now days due to lesser side effects, high clinical benefits and estrogen mimicking activity. In present study, Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) having rich isoflavone content along with daidzein, genestein and vitamin-D are tested on MG-63 human osteosarcoma cell line, to study the gene expression levels of bone protein markers after and before treatment. rnrnMethodology & Theoretical Orientation: Initially MG-63 cells are exposed to positive controls daidzein (Dz) and genestein (Ge), D+G, Cowpea extract (CPIF) and vitamin-D (vit-D), C+V and C+V+D+G (all) individually and in combinations for 48 hours as per standardized cell culture techniques. Using Ec50 concentrations, the cells are further tested for expression levels of the bone specific markers namely osteonectin (SPARC), osteopontin (OPN) and receptor activator of nuclear kappa B ligand (RANK-L) using western blot analysis studies.rnrnFindings: The gene expression levels of SPARC, OPN and RANK-L significantly increased after treatment when compared to control by western blot analysis studies.rnrnConclusion & Significance: Gene expression study through western blot analysis showed the stimulating effects of Cowpea isoflavones along with the vitamin D in the bone formation. Thus supplementation of the whole extract of naturally rich CPIF in the present study provides notch to commercialize cowpea in the form of capsules and tablets for the treatment of osteoporosis.rn